| General ERP / accounting (horizontal backbone) | Logo Tiger, Logo Netsis, Mikro, ETA, DIA | Solid for receivables, stock, purchasing, finance and e-documents; this backbone stays in place — and should — because of legal obligations. Its limit is that it does not carry footwear's own concepts: size assortments, upper subcontractor balances, last versions and leather consumption by the square decimetre do not come as standard in these systems. Firms usually try to close the gap by straining the ERP's free-form fields; the result is data nobody trusts. |
| Design and lasts (CAD) | Shoemaster, Delcam Crispin, ICad3D+, Romans CAD | Mature, powerful tools for model and last design; they handle 2D and 3D work, flattening and size grading internally. Licences are expensive and their focus is design. Connecting the model data they produce to production plans, material consumption and subcontractor work orders is outside their scope; at most firms that transfer is done by hand — often by retyping. |
| Leather cutting and automation | Lectra, Atom, Comelz, Teseo cutting systems | Powerful systems that cut leather wastage; they optimise nesting around the defects on the hide, and that alone is a serious saving. But the optimisation stays self-contained: which work order, which size and which subcontract workshop the cut pieces go to is kept in a separate scheme. When the link between cutting efficiency and the production plan is not made, well-cut pieces can enter production in the wrong order. |
| Retail and brand side | Nebim V3, retail POS and e-commerce infrastructure | At manufacturers with their own brand and stores, the sales side runs on these systems and size-level sales data is created here. The link to the production side, however, is usually limited to a nightly file transfer. The result is that real-time size-level stock visibility never forms; the store sells a size it does not have, or orders a size sitting in the warehouse. |
| Subcontract and workshop tracking | Excel spreadsheets, notebooks, messaging groups | The sector's most critical flow — the upper and assembly subcontractor network — exists in no system at most firms. Materials issued, quantities returned, wastage and settlements run on personal records. This is where the most disputes arise, and how they are resolved depends on who holds the record. It is also the area where gains come fastest, because every record built from scratch makes a directly visible difference. |
| Export and dispatch documents | Excel templates, customs broker software | Packing lists, carton contents and assortment tables are prepared by hand. Because they are not fed from production data, every shipment demands fresh effort and carries error risk. When an assortment error is caught by the buyer, the cost of fixing it is high; this line item is one of the places where software shows its value most concretely. |